The preferred protected retinoid is in the form of small beads or vesicles which are of a form that can be adjusted to be incorporated into varied topical compositions. Preferably, the protected retinoid, in particular retinoic acid, retinal, and their derivatives, isomers and analogs (such as adapalene, tazarotene and isotretoin), is in the form of small beads or spheres suitable for incorporation into a topical composition. 0000008514 00000 n Belhachemi, B., Makhlouf, H. & Belhachemi, M.H. Data 53, 199200 (2008), N. Sunsandee, S. Suren, N. Leepipatpiboon, M. Hronec, U. Pancharoen, Fluid Phase Equilib. What is Hydroquinone: Properties, Uses and Applications, Examples [34], It is also one of the chemical compounds found in castoreum. Sodium metabisulfite has the added advantage that it does not discolor by oxidation. Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their, Hydroquinone oxidation with V2O5/NaClO3/H2SO4, http://www.sciencemadness.org/smwiki/index.php?title=Hydroquinone&oldid=11523, Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes, GNU Free Documentation License 1.3 or later. Acta 423, 137144 (2000), S.-T. Lin, S. I. Sandler, Ind. The drug is freely soluble in water and in alcohol. For use herein, the encapsulation forms a protective system to prohibit or inhibit the oxidation of the retinoid. Eng. uuid:a150f3fd-7f22-4439-aa26-6f445f4017e5 Retinoids are included in the invention from about 0.01 to about 5%, preferably from about 0.025% to about 2.0%, more preferably from about 0.05% to about 1%, and most preferably from about 0.025% to about 0.5%. A specific embodiment of the invention is listed in the following table. 58 / Monday, March 26, 2012 / Rules and Regulations 10/31/2017 EN (English US) 6/8 12.3. Eng. 4. AzA inhibits tyrosinase. The solubility was increased by addition of ethanol, reached a maximum . Toughness of the polymer increases due to the presence of flexible units in the backbone such as long chain diols (e.g., diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol) or long chain saturated acids (e.g., adipic . I can only tell you how to mix the powder solution to the liquid solvent. You take the cream, put it in a container, take the powder measurement and add it. Get medical attention. These reactions release free oxygen and generate enough heat to bring the mixture to the boiling point and vaporize about a fifth of it, producing a hot spray from the beetle's abdomen. It is also used to prepare 2% bleaching creams and certain intermediates for the synthesis of dyes, and it has some activity as an antitumoragent. Gerhard Franz, Roger A. Sheldon "Oxidation" in. EP2047846A2 - Process for stabilizing hydroquinone - Google . We have discovered that a hydroquinone composition (with about 1 to about 12% hydroquinone, preferably with about 2% to about 10%, more preferably with about 2% to about 8%, more preferably with about 2% to about 4%, most preferably with about 3% to about 4% hydroquinone) with preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5, can include cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, preferably sodium ascorbyl phosphate, more preferably aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate as an antioxidant and the color destabilization problems are appreciably less as compared to hydroquinone compositions without such a cationic salt of acidic ascorbyl esters in the neutral pH range: preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5. Hydroquinone composition - SCHERING CORP - FreePatentsOnline.com International Journal of Thermophysics 2 Liquid phase only; silicon dioxide remains as a residue in these solvents. The Molecular Weight is 110.11 g/mol. Tests, which results are detailed in the following two tables, are performed at 5C and 40C for certain percentages of magnesium ascorbyl phosphate at specific pHs. These can be burning, redness, sensitization and irritation in some patients. 0000005089 00000 n Additionally, a water-soluble antioxidant, preferably a sulfite, including but not limited to sulfites, bisulfites, metabisulfites, their salts and their derivatives, most preferably sodium metabisulfite, may be helpful in stabilizing the hydroquinone composition. Natural antioxidants could replace hydroquinone derivatives used in industry. Phase B: Dissolve the ferulic acid in the glycerin - some "spirited" stirring may be necessary. Thus, while cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, have beneficial antioxidant effects on the skin, the combination with hydroquinone in the invention results in a compatible and stable composition. 322, 4855 (2012), K. Tamura, T. Kasuga, T. Nakagawa, Fluid Phase Equilib. It would be desirable to combine the pigmentation disorder treatment with this skin benefit ingredient in one composition. 0000000807 00000 n The most preferred example of such an antioxidant is sodium metabisulfite. Preparation, optimization and in vivo. - 65.21.225.73. A common route involves hydroxylation of phenol. Then add it to the ingredients. 49, 313321 (2015). The obtained results show that the solubility of benzoic acid in water is greater than that of salicylic acid, but in the case of the two isomers of dihydroxybenzene, the solubility of resorcinol is approximately 100 times that of hydroquinone. All information collection is solely used to support ChemPoint customers service communications. 115, 22772285 (2014), Article ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012, Free format text: Chem. 1401417, Country of ref document: ADS When the contents of the reservoir are forced into the reaction chamber, the catalases and peroxidases rapidly break down the hydrogen peroxide and catalyze the oxidation of the hydroquinones into p-quinones. Solubility of Hydroquinone in Different Solvents from - ResearchGate Protected retinoid may be added to these compositions for additional skin benefit effects. Phase A is added to the tank, which is held at a temperature of from about 70 to about 75 C, and in which a CO. 12.4. Thank you for your inquiry and interest in ChemPoint. Azelaic acid (AzA) is a organic compound with the formula HOOC(CH 2) 7 COOH. Eng. Solubility of Hydroquinone in Different Solvents from 276.65 K to Google Scholar, A.-C. Huang, Y.-K. Chuang, C.-F. Huang, C.-M. Shu, J. Therm. SAS Anti-ox booster 1% 0.3g. How to dissolve Hydroquinone to make 4 oz. I can't use water because I cannot dissolve enough Hydroquinone into it to reach the desired concentration. 29(3): 283-330, 1999. I've been presented with the problem of trying to dissolve Hydroquinone in a solvent other than water. Hydroquinone is a major benzene metabolite, which is a well-known haematotoxic and carcinogenic agent associated with malignancy in occupational environments. Found. In hydroquinone and sodium metabisulfite compositions, it is believed that the sodium metabisulfite oxidizes first and delays the start of any oxidation of the hydroquinone, so that excessive discoloration is delayed or totally avoided. The solubility in water is 6.72g/L. Data 53, 12781282 (2008), A. endstream endobj 277 0 obj <>stream Magnesium ascorbyl phosphate (also called magnesium ascorbityl phosphate or magnesium L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate) has a chemical formula of C. In another embodiment, sodium metabisulfite and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate are used in about 0.01% (preferably from about 0.05% to about 0.5%, most preferably at least about 0.1%,) and about 0.5% (preferably from about 0.25% to about 3%, more preferably from about 0.25% to about 1%, and most preferably at least about 0.5%) respectively in a composition with about 4% hydroquinone. Calorim. Azelaic acid - Wikipedia Do not put this product in the microwave. 0000002221 00000 n The solubilities of benzoic acid, salicylic acid, resorcinol and hydroquinone in water and in 1-octanol were measured by the dynamic method which is also called the synthetic method from 297.25 K to 334.45 K. Using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC Q2000 and SDT Q600), the melting temperature and the enthalpy of fusion of these solutes were determined. Calorim. While the hydroquinone is effective for the pigmentation disorder treatment, retinoid is used for its skin treatment benefits. Unfortunately, retinoids, in particular retinoic acid, retinal, and their derivatives, isomers and analogs (such as adapalene, tazarotene and isotretoin) also have discoloration problems due to oxidation. However, hydroquinone discolors at the pH range of 7.0 to 8.5. Cookie Notice 2008-2023 ChemPoint. Learn more about Institutional subscriptions, C. M. S. de Mendona, I. P. de Barros Lima, C. F. S. Arago, A. P. B. Gomes, J. Therm. You take the cream, put it in a container, take the powder measurement and add it. It is understood that while the invention has been described in conjunction with the detailed description thereof, that the foregoing description is intended to illustrate and not limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the scope of the appended claims. Antioxidants in the hydroquinone phase are instrumental in stabilizing the color of the hydroquinone composition. A preferred embodiment utilizes encapsulation. 0 7 r @ &. There are various other uses associated with its reducing power. GHS P Statement: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.IF ON SKIN: Gently wash with plenty of soap and water.IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. 108. Therefore, the solubility values of hydroquinone in different solvents are required; however, the data availability in the literature is poor.3-7 In this work, the solubility data of hydroquinone in water, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and acetic acid from 276.65 K to 345.10 K under atmospheric pressure were . I'm using it for spot treatment of some hyper pigmentation (less than 1% of my body). 20grams ofhydroquinonein 20oz is liquid is 10%. Best Budget Hydroquinone Cream Ambi Skincare Fade Cream (56g/2oz) View on Amazon. N')].uJr The protective system can be an entrapment system, a single or multi-laminar system, such as by formation of vesicle, such as a liposome, or by utilizing wax, paraffin, silicone, polyethylene or any material or system which protects the retinoid from oxidation. ChemPoint will not under any circumstances release personal user information to individuals or companies. [27] Several such agents are already available or under research,[28] including azelaic acid,[29] kojic acid, retinoids, cysteamine,[30] topical steroids, glycolic acid, and other substances. Hydroquinone, like phenols are very weak acids and can be deprotonated. vitamin C; Salts thereof, Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00-A61K41/00, Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. uuid:3780f5dc-b322-4e29-9b1d-4c4d10b1e282 This is seen at about a pH of 3.50 with at least about 2.0% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, and again at a pH of about 6.5 to about 7.0 with at least about 2.0% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate. ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013, Ref document number: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-020-02750-4. Solubility of Hydroquinone : r/OrganicChemistry 2017-02-16T10:10:56+01:00 Additionally, the hydroquinone compositions frequently discolor over time and turn from a whitish color to a brown or even black. RJPT - Hydroquinone Solubility in Pure and Binary Solvent Mixture at Eng. Obagi Nu-Derm Clear (Hydroquinone USP, 4%) Skin Bleaching Cream Obagi HlRMo0WB:NnVCnE4(i0 (1* )@NzHR!>i;8XaXnsO0LNT0l$B%"NAb0I9V *6/-\vn0W"fKF:AAgl:psRZ?k`&eB IUQ0ET;W#vL=@XwRG{-LHlTz]^s%OB(GF 11'I New experimental data are provided for the solubility of resorcinol in water and salicylic acid, resorcinol, hydroquinone in 1-octanol. Stabilisation of biofuels with hydrophilic, natural antioxidants Hydroquinone is an aromatic organic compound which is currently used in two main sectors: . Hydroquinone Revision Date 24-Dec-2021 General Advice If symptoms persist, call a physician. The solubilities in binary and ternary systems of hydroquinone (1,4-dihydroxybenzene) and p-quinone (1,4-benzoquinone) in supercritical carbon dioxide were measured in the pressure range 10.0 to 35.0 MPa at temperatures of 333, 348 and 363 K.In binary systems, the solubility of hydroquinone was three orders of magnitude lower than that of p-quinone. Privacy Policy. One embodiment of the invention is a composition which comprises hydroquinone (about 1% to about 12%, preferably about 2% to about 10%, more preferably about 2% to about 8%, more preferably with about 2% to about 4%, and most preferably about 3% to about 4%) and has a neutral pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5. One of these, 4-butylresorcinol, has been proven to be more effective at treating melanin-related skin disorders by a wide margin, as well as safe enough to be made available over the counter. Availability. 388, 7381 (2010), H. Li, G. Hu, F. Guo, L. Zhao, J. Zhu, Y. Zhang, Can. Using a laser-monitoring observation technique, the solubility of hydroquinone in water, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and acetic acid were measured at temperatures ranging from 276.65 K to 345.10 K under the atmospheric pressure. Other solubilities: soluble in alcohol and ether,slightly soluble in benzene,readily soluble in ethanol,acetone and methanol, Needle-like Crystals or Crystalline Powder. Ferulic acid 0.5% 0.15g. D7VJV//KZ&t}JSW/L@,l@^ D@ @8 i W `^;V rD}25p>.Bv1}\_E p9 endstream endobj 392 0 obj 1303 endobj 376 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 350 0 R /Resources 377 0 R /Contents 381 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 595 842 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 595 842 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 377 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /Font << /TT2 379 0 R /TT4 383 0 R /TT6 385 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 387 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /Cs6 378 0 R >> >> endobj 378 0 obj [ /ICCBased 386 0 R ] endobj 379 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 252 /Widths [ 250 0 408 500 0 833 778 180 333 333 500 564 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 278 278 564 564 564 444 921 722 667 667 722 611 556 722 722 333 389 722 611 889 722 722 556 722 667 556 611 722 722 944 722 722 611 333 0 333 0 500 0 444 500 444 500 444 333 500 500 278 278 500 278 778 500 500 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 444 0 0 0 541 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 0 0 0 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 400 0 0 0 0 576 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 750 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 722 0 0 0 0 0 722 0 0 500 444 0 0 0 444 0 0 0 444 444 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 500 0 0 0 0 0 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /BCGIOE+TimesNewRoman /FontDescriptor 380 0 R >> endobj 380 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 656 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -568 -307 2028 1007 ] /FontName /BCGIOE+TimesNewRoman /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 94 /XHeight 0 /FontFile2 388 0 R >> endobj 381 0 obj << /Length 462 /Filter /FlateDecode >> stream V)gB0iW8#8w8_QQj@&A)/g>'K t;\ $FZUn(4T%)0C&Zi8bxEB;PAom?W= trailer << /Size 393 /Info 347 0 R /Root 375 0 R /Prev 573815 /ID[<6893db2526a970a0c364cca2e99ca522>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 375 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 346 0 R /Metadata 348 0 R >> endobj 391 0 obj << /S 2217 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 392 0 R >> stream Then add it to the ingredients. I would like to add retinol and kojic acid to it as well. Have an order or account question? 230, 176183 (2005), A. Apelblat, E. Manzurola, N. A. Balal, J. Chem. Lastly, I'd like to add benzoic acid for preservation purposes. Correspondence to AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR, Kind code of ref document: S.C. Gad, T. Pham, in Encyclopedia of Toxicology (Third Edition), 2014 Environmental Fate and Behavior. Hydroquinone, 99.5%, Thermo Scientific Chemicals Find answers in our support articles. x- [ 0}y)7ta>jT7@t`q2&6ZL?_yxg)zLU*uSkSeO4?c. R -25 S>Vd`rn~Y&+`;A4 A9 =-tl`;~p Gp| [`L` "AYA+Cb(R, *T2B- Color stability improvement is evident at all levels. The composition is preferably formulated in separate phases as designated below. Hydroquinone undergoes oxidation under mild conditions to give benzoquinone, process which is reversible. Retinoids, in particular retinoic acid, retinal, and their derivatives, isomers and analogs (such as adapalene, tazarotene and isotretoin), which are protected have been shown to also be color stable in hydroquinone, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and sodium metabisulfite composition at about a neutral pH, preferably from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably from about 6.0 to about 7.5. The combined nearly ideal binary solvent (NIBS)-Redlich-Kister equation is . Re: How to dissolve Hydroquinone to make 4 oz. Thermodyn. Chem. In 1-octanol, the decreasing order of the solubility of these compounds is as follows: resorcinol>benzoic acid>salicylic acid>hydroquinone. Solubility of Hydroquinone in Different Solvents from 276.65 K to 345. Conversion factors (at 25C and normal atmospheric pressure) 1 ppm = 4.5 mg/m 3 1 mg/m 3 = 0.222 ppm Table 1. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. This saturated dicarboxylic acid exists as a white powder. Uv Curable Cellulose Esters- .- If youre making your lotion. The method of item 1 07 wherein the hydroquinone is present in about 4%. An acceptable carrier also possesses suitable aesthetic and cosmetic qualities and may include emollients, conditioners and the like. Gravimetric method is used to measured hydroquinone solubility in water, ethanol and in water+ethanol binary mixtures at temperatures (293.15, 295.15, 298.15, 300.15, 303.15, 305.15, 308.15, 310.15 and 313.15)K. Mole fractions solubility of hydroquinone are correlated with temperature by using the Apelblat equation. So, does anybody know of another solvent I could use that has a higher . This website uses cookies. Hydroquinone is extensively used as a photographic developer, an antioxidant, and a stabilizing agent for readily oxidizable polymers. [33], Hydroquinone has been shown to be one of the chemical constituents of the natural product propolis. Place an order online, track your orders, download SDS and TDS, and see your quotes, all in one secure place. Chem. HVoLg~Z+ The solubilities of benzoic acid, salicylic acid, resorcinol and hydroquinone in water and in 1-octanol were measured by the dynamic method which is also called the synthetic method from 297.25K to 334.45K. Using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC Q2000 and SDT Q600), the melting temperature and the enthalpy of fusion of these solutes were determined. Please sign in to view account pricing and product availability. The color stability of the hydroquinone composition is promoted by one or more antioxidants in the hydroquinone phase, preferably sulfite, including but not limited to sulfites, bisulfites, metabisulfites, their salts and their derivatives, most preferably sodium metabisulfite, and a cationic salt of acidic ascorbyl esters, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate. [Na+].OC(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C(O)=O.OC(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C(O)=O, SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILET PREPARATIONS, Preparations for care of the skin for chemically bleaching or whitening the skin, PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL, OR TOILET PURPOSES, Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients, Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. Exceptional antioxidant qualities are seen at 0.10% (all percentages in the application are weight percent) and above, preferably from about 0.05% to about 0.5% for sodium metabisulfite. Classical photo shops also sell hydroquinone. The correlation coefficient is greater than 0.9937 for one of these two equations for the binary studied systems where the solvent is either water or 1-octanol. This Thermo Scientific Chemicals brand product was originally part of the Acros Organics product portfolio. vz >I d50dwp?i4,H3. C6H4O2) is formed. Classical photo shops . Hydroquinone, 99.5%, Thermo Scientific Chemicals 5g, Glass Bottle Quantity: 5g 50g 250g 1kg 5kg Packaging: Glass Bottle Plastic Drum Plastic bottle Description This Thermo Scientific Chemicals brand product was originally part of the Acros Organics product portfolio. hydroquinone, 1,4-benzenediol, quinol, 1,4-dihydroxybenzene, p-benzenediol, 4-hydroxyphenol, p-hydroquinone, p-hydroxyphenol, p-dihydroxybenzene, benzoquinol, Electrophoresis, Western Blotting and ELISA, Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Reagents, Laboratory Syringe Needles and Accessories, Lab Coats, Aprons, and Other Safety Apparel, Sharps Disposal Containers and Accessories, Classroom Laboratory Supplies and Consumables, Applied Biosystems TaqMan Assay and Arrays Search Tool, Applied Biosystems TaqMan Custom Assay Design Tools, Applied Biosystems Custom qPCR Primers and TaqMan Probes Tool, Chemical Storage and Management Resource Center, Solubility in water: 70g/L in water (20C). Other properties of hydroquinone are given in Table 1. I'd like the consistency to be thin like a gel so that it absorbs quicker. The experimental solubility data was well-correlated with the data, calculated by . The 10 Best Hydroquinone Creams to Buy in 2023 - Beauty Mag Anal. 20, 14331442 (1986), G. Wienke, J. Gmehling, Toxicol. Compositions according to this invention may include dermatologically acceptable carriers. Hydroquinone is a white crystalline solid, poorly soluble in water, but more soluble in organic solvents. Antioxidants in the hydroquinone phase and inorganic or amino acyl cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, preferably sodium metabisulfite and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate respectively, are effective in stabilizing such hydroquinone compositions, which are used in treatment of pigmentation disorders. Table II shows that at 5C, 4% hydroquinone compositions maintain their white or light straw color with the addition of at least about 0.5% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate at the low pH ranges (from about 3.50 to about 5.50) and when about 1.0 to about 2.0% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate is used in the pH range of about 7.0. 552591, Z. Esina, M. Korchuganova, Theor. InChI=1S/C6H6O2/c7-5-1-2-6(8)4-3-5/h1-4,7-8H, InChI=1/C6H6O2/c7-5-1-2-6(8)4-3-5/h1-4,7-8H, Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their. Tests, which results are detailed in the following two tables, are performed to show how well sodium metabisulfite ("SMBS") stabilizes color at each pH at 5C and 40C in 4% hydroquinone ("HQ") compositions. The present invention is not to be limited by any mechanism described in the specification, because it is defined by the claims. How to make CE Ferulic with HA and NO propylene glycol? SOLUBILITIES - DrugFuture : Metabolism and disposition of hydroquinone in Fischer 344 rats after oral or dermal administration. Canon 420, 2429 (2016), W. E. Acree Jr, Thermochim Acta 189, 3756 (1991), F. L. Nordstrm, . C. Rasmuson, J. Chem. 0000003660 00000 n It is moderately soluble in water and highly soluble in alcohol. Protected retinoid, with its skin benefit capabilities, may also be included with the hydroquinone composition. Examples of suitable methods of encapsulation include encapsulation by liposomes, wax, paraffin or any material or combination of materials which protect the retinoid from exposure to oxygen and inhibit oxidation of the retinoid from oxidation. A method of stabilizing a hydroquinone composition, comprising hydroquinone and one or more protected retinoids, comprising: maintaining pH of the composition at about 5.5 to about 8.0. 38, 565571 (2006), K. Carlsson, B. Karlberg, Anal. Approximate Solubilities of USP and NF Articles, methanol, 13; ethyl acetate, >10,000; hexanes, >10,000, 0.1 N hydrochloric acid, 1; 0.1 N sodium hydroxide, 1, boiling alcohol, 50; boiling chloroform, 80; acetone at 50, methanol, 3; isopropanol, 69; benzene, 2500; petroleum ether, 5000, dimethylformamide, 10; 10 N sodium hydroxide, 3.5, dimethylacetamide, 2; dimethylformamide, 3.5; dimethylsulfoxide, 3.5, 0.1 N hydrochloric acid, 2500; 0.1 N sodium hydroxide, 100, isopropyl alcohol, 4; propylene glycol, 9; methanol, 5.3, isopropyl alcohol, 1408; propylene glycol, 119; methanol, 75, alcohol solution (1 in 2), 2; diethylphthalate, <1; benzyl benzoate, <1, acetone, 100; methanol, 1000; 0.1 N hydrochloride acid, >1000, absolute alcohol, 8; methanol, 8; propylene glycol, 19, pyridine, 10; methanol, 71; acetone, 130; methylene chloride, 286; toluene, 2000; dioxane, 2000, carbon disulfide, 2 (slowly and usually incompletely), carbon disulfide, 2 (slowly and usually incompletely) olive oil, 100, methylenedichloride, 43; 4-methyl-2-pentanone, 100.
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