Therefore, this Web-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among university students from (2013). Talarowska M, Rucka K, Kowalczyk M, Chodkiewicz J, Kowalczyk E, Karbownik MS, Sienkiewicz M. Int J Environ Res Public Health. Do you have other coping strategies that have helped you reduce stress related to COVID-19? Guilford. Each subscale is measured by two items and is assessed on a 5-point Likert scale. Weband is associated with psychosocial coping skills and resources, degree of experienced psy- university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A machine learning approach. Perception towards E-learning and COVID-19 on the mental health status of university students in Malaysia. Book ReviewCollege Counseling and Student Development: Theory, Practice, and Campus Collaboration, Reflections on Power From Feminist Women Counselor Educators, Evaluating the Impact of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy on Hope and Clinical Symptoms With Latine Clients, Guidelines and Recommendations for Writing a Rigorous Quantitative Methods Section in Counseling and Related Fields. Social distancing regulations were enforced in an attempt to halt virus spread. The survey link was also distributed via a national counselor education listserv, and it was shared on the authors social media platforms. Several researchers have found that relatively short training in PsyCap interventions, including web-based platforms (Dello Russo & Stoykova, 2015; Demerouti et al., 2011; Ertosun et al., 2015; B. C. Luthans et al., 2012, 2013) have been effective. The impact of COVID-19 on student equity and inclusion: Supporting vulnerable students during school closures and school re-openings 19 November 2020 Abstract A holistic approach to education that addresses students learning, social and emotional needs is crucial, especially in times of crisis. 2023 Feb 3;20(3):2752. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032752. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.56.2.267. Fourteen conceptually differentiable coping strategies are measured by the Brief COPE (Carver, 1997): active coping, planning, using emotional support, using instrumental support, venting, positive reframing, acceptance, denial, self-blame, humor, religion, self-distraction, substance use, and behavioral disengagement. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.08.008. Journal of Positive Psychology and Wellbeing, 1(2), 5372. This situation clearly showed the students' helplessness and difficulties with coping with this new, stressful situation, highlighted in many previous studies. Conflict of Interest and Funding Disclosure PsyCap is defined as an, individuals positive psychological state of development characterized by (1) having confidence (self-efficacy) to take on and put in the necessary effort to succeed at challenging tasks; (2) making a positive attribution (optimism) about succeeding now and in the future; (3) persevering toward goals and, when necessary, redirecting paths to goals (hope) in order to succeed; and (4) when beset by problems and adversity, sustaining and bouncing back and even beyond (resilience) to attain success. Among the PERMA elements, engagement and physical health were least impacted by COVID-19, whereas students experiences of positive emotion and negative emotion were the factors that were largely affected. Iasiello, M., Bartholomaeus, J., Jarden, A., & Kelly, G. (2017). As a result, they had to adopt different coping strategies to overcome the predicament that they were trapped in. Given the ongoing repercussions of the pandemic, we recommend continued and longitudinal studies on well-being, coping strategies, and PsyCap. Fig 2. Guided imagery can also be a useful and effective tool to help stressed students cope with academic, social, and other stressors. Westers recommends trying some of these techniques to help your child cope with back-to-school anxiety during COVID-19: Validate and listen to any concerns. Dont judge yourself; just do the best you can. The potentialities of online teaching allowed a didactic continuity that would have been impossible otherwise, and this approach is likely to be Internalizing and Externalizing Disorder Levels among Adolescents: Data from Poland. Data were collected online in May and June 2020 using Qualtrics after obtaining approval from the IRBs of our respective universities. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 306. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00306, Carver, C. S. (1997). Find activities that engage different parts of yourself. Healthcare workers were exposed to this highly infectious virus during the pandemic and suffered several social and psychological consequences, such as anxiety, psychological distress, and burnout. A variety of free online assessments are also available for use by counselors, including tools that measure well-being, positive psychological resources, and character strengths of university students in addition to existing assessment batteries. (2007) developed PsyCap from research in positive organizational behavior and positive psychology. Exercise regularly. Sheldon and Lyubomirsky (2006) indicated that practicing gratitude helps people to cope with negative situations because it enables them to view such situations through a more positive lens. Recently, the use of positive psychology smartphone apps such as Happify and resilience-building video games such as SuperBetter have been suggested and tested as motivational tools, especially with younger adults, to foster sustained and continued engagement with PsyCap development (F. Luthans & Youssef-Morgan, 2017; McGonigal, 2015). Youth can https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066x.56.3.227. These include approaches to building positive emotions (Fredrickson, 2009); coping strategies, which were found in this study to boost well-being (Jardin et al., 2018; Lyubomirsky, 2008); and effective goal pursuits (F. Luthans & Youssef-Morgan, 2017). It is important to remember that not everything being said about COVID-19 is accurate. The author(s) received no specific funding for this work. They could also be adapted to provide services online. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100352, Carver, C. S., Scheier, M. F., & Weintraub, J. K. (1989). Enhancing well-being and alleviating depressive symptoms with positive psychology interventions: A practice-friendly meta-analysis. Students use of religious coping (mean) and sources of expected support during the, Fig 8. Seligmans (2011) PERMA model is one of the most highly regarded models of well-being. Kozakiewicz A, Izdebski Z, Biaorudzki M, Mazur J. Int J Environ Res Public Health. Computer Human Behavior, 69, 19. Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). Researchers have recommended coping skills training for university students to modify maladaptive coping strategies and enhance pre-existing adaptive coping styles Indirect Effect of Psychological Capital on PERMA Factors Through Coping Strategies (Mediators), Note. Get enough sleep. Coping Through the Coronavirus. Methods: This article used narrative literature review to explore literature review from the following databases namely Web of Science, Google, COVID-19 has impacted every aspect of life around the world. Personnel Psychology, 60(3), 541572. Indeed, optimism and hope each uniquely predict a major proportion of variance of the change in well-being and may together help students to face an uncertain future (M. W. Gallagher & Lopez, 2009). In January 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of a new coronavirus disease, COVID-19, to be a public health emergency of international concern, and the effects continue to be widespread and ongoing. Measuring well-being: A comparison of subjective well-being and PERMA. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431111107810, DeWitz, S. J., Woolsey, M. L., & Walsh, W. B. (2013). 405415). Interestingly, using emotional support also showed a similar mediating link between resilience and PERMA, but not for the factors of loneliness and negative emotion. The Career Development International, 16(1), 6081. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 24(2), 221230. Background Coronavirus disease-19 emerged in December 2019. Cluster analysis for strategies of coping with stress. PMC The impact of business school students psychological capital on academic performance. While modeling good behavior and staying safe yourself, recognize that you cant control what other people do. Findings on the effectiveness of problem-focused coping strategies versus emotion-focused coping strategies suggest the effectiveness of the particular strategy is contingent on the context, with controllable issues being better addressed through problem-focused strategies, while emotion-focused strategies are more effective with circumstances that cannot be controlled (Finkelstein-Fox & Park, 2019). Data Analysis Procedure The effect size of the change in well-being for PERMA elements was 38%, p2 = .380, a high effect size (Cohen, 1988). Universities across Distanced learning. Of course, its good to stay informed, especially (2018). Estimation of Psychological Impairment and Coping Strategies during COVID-19 Pandemic among University Students in Saudi Arabia: A Large Regional Analysis. Such a decline in well-being following a pandemic is consistent with previous occurrences of public health crises or natural disasters (Deaton, 2012). 10.1007/s12144-020-01304-z https://doi.org/10.5502/ijw.v6i3.526, Carmona-Halty, M., Schaufeli, W. B., & Salanova, M. (2019). Thus, based on the current results and on the participatory model of intervention, a support program for students is proposed which would involve psychological, organizational, and instrumental support. Coping with this stress may help you. A similar application was applied to learning English specifically for midwifery students on Flores Island during the covid-19 pandemic. Connection and disconnection as predictors of mental health and wellbeing. Psychological capital intervention (PCI): A replication and extension. Your classmates and family members are anxious, too. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. Healthcare workers were exposed to this highly infectious virus during the pandemic and suffered You might feel unmotivated now. Positive psychological capital development: A field study by the Solomon four group design. With that in mind, it is important to detect individuals at risk of developing depressive symptoms early and identify protective factors. Of course, its good to stay informed, especially about whats happening in your area. Experts are projecting increases in depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and suicide in the United States (Wan, 2020). Your classes may now be virtual. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. iGen: Why todays super-connected kids are growing up less rebellious, more tolerant, less happyand completely unprepared for adulthoodand what that means for the rest of us. The financial crisis and the well-being of Americans: 2011 OEP Hicks lecture. government site. View 3 excerpts, references results and background, View 2 excerpts, references results and background, International journal of environmental research and public health. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Fear and worrying about the virus can be overwhelming and cause strong emotions in adults and children. To this end, in 2020, a sample of Polish students was anonymously measured using the Mini-COPE questionnaire. Implications and recommendations for psychoeducation and counseling interventions to promote PsyCap and adaptive coping strategies in university students are presented. SuperBetter: A revolutionary approach to getting stronger, happier, braver and more resilient.
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