This entry was posted in clothing, material culture and tagged 18th century clothing, 18th century gowns, Abraham Woodhull, amc turn, historical costuming, Linda Baumgarten, material culture, sprout, Thomas Woodhull, TURN, turn amc, TURN premiere. Woodhull privately conferred with Major Hewlett and told him that he wanted to enter King's College and spy on the Sons of Liberty for him, as his prior connection to them might allow him to bust suspected patriot sympathizers in the college. In early May 1779 Woodhulls worst fears almost came true. One of the facts he provided was that a spy ring was operating on Long Island, and before long suspected spies were being arrested throughout the area. That he has gone so far beyond his promise makes me rather uneasy on his account.[17] And the ever-frugal general often testily reminded his spies not to waste the expensive disappearing ink and to find ways to communicate their intelligence faster. Colonel John Graves Simcoe, commander of the Loyalist Queens American Rangers, promptly launched a raid to grab the spy. They did, however, take plenty of liberties with the historical facts, but on the whole, the show presents the major activities and accomplishments of the Culper Ring in a reasonably accurate manner. Moments later he realized that the intruders were his nieces, playing a game to surprise their uncle, and successfully so. The court case fell apart, leading to uproar. Woodhull refused to give any names to the Congress, and he found out that his interrogator was Benjamin Tallmadge, another childhood friend who had joined a regiment of Connecticut dragoons in the Continental Army. Gen. Charles Scott, added their own comments and couriers then sped the messages to Washington at Continental Army headquarters in New Jersey. So interesting. Additionally, you can browse through a slideshow of primary source images concerning children and babies over at the 18th Century Material Culture Resource Center. Washington was annoyed; Woodhull had always made a fuss about payment during the war, but Washington saw fit to reward him for his invaluable service. Now Tallmadge wore the uniform of a major in the Second Continental Dragoons. His father, Richard, was unharmed, but Simcoe had plundered the house in the most shocking manner in order to obtain compensation for his troubles. He is most notable for leading the British side in the Battle of Setauket. The couple had three children. Later in 1776, Richard Woodhull asked his son to come with him to test his bartering skills for a deal with Colonel Jonathan Cook, the head of the commissary in New York City. In late July the agents reported that the British knew about the expected fleet and were moving naval forces to counter a planned French attack on Rhode Island. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. The Life Summary of Abraham When Abraham Woodhull was born on 7 October 1750, in Setauket, Suffolk, New York Colony, British Colonial America, his father, Hon Richard Woodhull IV, was 38 and his mother, Margaret Smith, was 36. [5] In February 1779 he sent information on troop movements, supply problems, naval matters, the total strength of enemy forces around New York, the possibility of reinforcements, and other military plans; the report was seven pages long. In addition, Abrahams cousin, Nathaniel Woodhull, a general in the Continental Army, had perished in the Battle of Long Island in 1776. Even if they decide to spare my life and send me to a prison ship, I would still leave you, your mother, my father, and our entire family disgraced. A Long Island farmer bands together a group of childhood friends to form an unlikely group of spies who turn the tide in America's fight for independence. Abraham Woodhull: The Spy Named Samuel Culper. Journal of the American Revolution, 19 May 2014. Are there transcriptions at any other accessible digital websites? The house was burned to the ground, and the family moved into Whitehall. This trend lasted way beyond that period, too. General Sir Henry Clinton, the commander of the British armies in Philadelphia, was ordered to leave the city and take his soldiers to New York to bolster defenses against a possible American and French attack. http://www.britishbattles.com/battle-monmouth.htm, https://spycurious.wordpress.com/2015/04/27/lieutenant-colonel-richard-hewlett-the-loyal-est-loyalist/, http://www.longislandsurnames.com/getperson.php?personID=I0519&tree=Woodhull, https://allthingsliberty.com/2014/05/abraham-woodhull-the-spy-named-samuel-culper/. Now, he knew that 1,500 Hessian troops were going to be sent to Trenton, and he decided to pass this on to Caleb. A little boy wearing a feminine gown would be confusing and strange to the average 21st-century viewer, and distracting enough to detract from the main storyline. A number of close calls with British authorities had made both Woodhull and Robert Townsend jumpy. Abraham, however, was nowhere to be found- he had left for New York the previous day. If you are interested in working with us or have a great story, please get in touch. . Nevertheless, he continued to send letters to Washington, informing of anything of importance he came across. In the spring of 1777, Woodhull trysted with Anna at her barn, and he told her that he could not stay there long. As I write this letter you are upstairs in your mothers arms, sleeping peacefully. Continental Army Major Benjamin Tallmadge was Woodhull's neighbor in Setauket and approached Woodhull in August 1778 about gathering intelligence for the Patriot cause during the American Revolutionary War. . Im glad that you all enjoyed the article, and great points from SPM and Ken. It was in October 1778, when Woodhull toured British-held New York City and its environs, observing Crown military activities. And dont worry well be discussing plenty of military details here on the blog soon enough. Woodhull told Brewster about the plans, and Brewster passed the information on to Tallmadge, leading to Tallmadge, Brewster, and other Continental troops ambushing and killing 19 of the 20 British troops, capturing a wounded Simcoe. [24] Culper to Tallmadge, July 5, 1783, GW Papers, accessed April 27 2014 via http://memory.loc.gov. Woodhull was beaten, and Cyrus offered to let Woodhull leave if he fought him. He also never had a son named Thomas; Mary would give birth to two daughters, Elizabeth and Mary, and a son named Jesse. It was in October 1778, when Woodhull toured British-held New York City and its environs, observing Crown military activities. Robert Rogers, (born Nov. 7, 1731, Methuen, Mass. [23] Woodhulls expense report submitted in July was the final curtain on his clandestine service.[24]. If Woodhull and Townsend were exhausted they remained dedicated and efficient. There is much more to the story of the Culper Ring and intelligence activities in and around New York City. The two often went to New York together masquerading as husband and wife, and the trick was effective, despite Strong being ten years older than Woodhull. He had three children with his wife Mary, lived prosperously as a Suffolk County judge, and died in 1826. It's possible it was incorrectly annotated. (LogOut/ Setauket Presbyterian Church and Burial Ground, Washington's Spies: The Story of America's First Spy Ring, Intelligence operations in the American Revolutionary War, "Grave Stones and Epitaphs from the Churchyard", "TCA: AMC Picks Up 'Halt & Catch Fire' & 'Turn' To Series", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Woodhull&oldid=1135483720, Jesse Smith Woodhull, Mary Woodhull, Elizabeth Woodhull, "Samuel Culper" and then "Samuel Culper Sr.", This page was last edited on 24 January 2023, at 23:13. He used the alias "Samuel Culper" (later "Samuel Culper Sr."), which was a play on Culpeper County, Virginia, and was suggested by George Washington. Anna left with him, ostensibly to petition for Selah Strong's release from the HMS Jersey; Abraham would supposedly sell some cauliflower to the British. Little Thomas Woodhull, whom Abraham fondly calls Sprout, steals the spotlight at the beginning and end of the TURN pilot episode. 2022-07-02. Not two months had passed, however, when Washington needed their services again. [3], Woodhull returned to Setauket and began his spying in October. His wife Mary died in 1806, and in 1824, he remarried. It was later decided by Tallmadge and Washington that Woodhull would be given the alias Samuel Culper, and the Culper spy ring was born. And if you werent sure what I was talking about when I mentioned stays earlier, dont forget to check out Baumgartners very helpful glossary of clothing terms, too. Since Woodhull was ill at the time, another spy named Austin Roe was sent to New York to get information from Robert Townsend, who sent a report back to Woodhull for forwarding to Washington. Woodhull began spying in October 1778 and sent his first "Samuel Culper" letter on October 29, 1778, after he had sworn an oath of loyalty to the Crown as cover. This ruined Woodhull's plan to spy in New York, so he decided to inform his guard that he could wait outside of the city when he entered Manhattan for his studies. Later that day, 22 August 1777, Benjamin Tallmadge raided Setauket to free his father and the other accused townspeople, taking over the town. Woodhull told Hewlett that Tallmadge would withdraw if the 8 prisoners were exchanged for the captured redcoats, and he eventually negotiated the release of all of the prisoners unconditionally after a rebellious Simcoe killed one of the hostages in an attempt to provoke an attack on the church. Abraham Woodhull (7 October 1750 - 23 January 1826) was the leader of the Culper Ring network under the alias Samuel Culper, Sr. during the American Revolutionary War. Tallmadge told Woodhull that George Washington wanted him to work with the patriots as a spy during the American Revolutionary War, and he refused. Rogers wanted to lure Benjamin to a prisoner exchange that he would ambush, but the ambush went awry when Caleb Brewster (whom Benjamin sent to retrieve Samuel as he worked at Washington's Morristown office) had Selah (stated to be "Samuel Tallmadge") duck as Rogers shot at him. It was believed that Nathaniel Woodhull had been captured and brutalized by the British, and died a miserable death. Abraham enlisted in a Suffolk County militia in the fall of 1775, but he resigned after a few months; his cousin Brigadier-General Nathaniel Woodhull was killed by the British while in their prison on 20 September 1776, when he was killed with bayonets. Did Abraham Woodhull have a son named Thomas? The Culper intelligence allowed Washington to arrange countermoves, and the episode was one of the Rings greatest successes. While in the city, he was able to observe naval strength, troop numbers, and glean potentially important information by eavesdropping on the conversations of British soldiers. Abraham was forced to fire, shooting him in the stomach. The show also portrays Richard Woodhull as a devoted Tory, who grows ever suspicious of his sons behavior, but in reality, he was more supportive of the Patriots, and circumstantial evidence supports this. I have a family photo of my grandmother and her siblings in the early 20th century, and her youngest brother is in a gown. I fight this fight for you. Abraham was severely troubled by this, and there is no reason to assume his father did not feel likewise. In addition, the Culper Ring likely helped prevent a British attack against French forces that had arrived in Rhode Island to assist the colonists. Thanks for reading and commenting, and enjoy researching! He died a lonely man in 1838. October 7, 1750Abraham Woodhull / Date of birth. But Tallmadge secured Woodhulls continued service and gave him a new tool for his trade a vial of disappearing ink, which would lessen the chance of their letters, if ever confiscated, being identified as intelligence reports. That would include both Woodhull as "Culper Sr." and Robert Townsend, who used the alias "Samuel Culper Jr."[14]. In July 1778 Woodhull paid for his daring when a Continental naval patrol intercepted his boat and Rebel authorities threw him into a Connecticut jail. Little Sprout Woodhulls curiousclothing, Linda Baumgartens primer on colonial childrens clothing, the 18th Century Material Culture Resource Center, Vexatious Vexillology TURN to a historian, TURN Historical Timeline updated for Season 4 (PartOne), TURN Historical Timeline updated for Season3. 16, accessed April 19 2014 via http://etext.virginia.edu. [19] Culper to John Bolton, July 20, 1780, GW Papers, accessed April 20 2014 via http://memory.loc.gov; Rose, Washingtons Spies, 189-192. He operated under the alias, Samuel Culper and his identity was not learned until the early 20th century. Eventually operating from Underhills boarding house, Woodhull so successfully played the part of a loyal but inquisitive farmer that he gained all of the information he needed, and more. Thomas "Sprout" Woodhull (died August 24, 1814) was the son of Culper Ring spy and farmer Abraham Woodhull . [22] In the same letter he finally bowed out of the spy business. Rose, Alexander. It was then that I knew I could no longer remain idle in this war. I hope that one day, the Lord willing, you will grow up to be a man. Hewlett decided to send the accused to HMS Jersey in lieu of hanging, although this was effectively a death sentence due to the poor conditions there. Look at the above painting and take a guess as to how much airtime would be needed to explain that boys outfit to a modern-day viewer.) Anna remained alone on the family farm during the American Revolution, where she assisted with General Washington's Culper Spy Ring. To protect their identities Tallmadge assigned aliases for their correspondence; Tallmadge went by John Bolton and Woodhull used the name Samuel Culper. It was the beginning of what became known as the Culper Ring., Woodhull was good at the espionage business. There is nothing I love more than watching you in your crib, but tonight I am wide awake, alone with my thoughts, unable to rest as dark intentions keep my mind preoccupied. These agents reported on British activity from their homes in New York City, on Long Island, New York, and in Connecticut. Nicholas was the son of one of the earliest settlers in the area of Eden (Bar Harbor), Maine, John Thomas III, and his wife, Elizabeth Peck. When they returned to their room, they had passionate sex. However, I have come across letters that have the sympathetic stain across entire pages. A French fleet was sailing into Rhode Island to attack British forces there, and Washington wanted information that could make the job of the French easier. On 28 June, his Continental Army engaged Clintons army at Monmouth, but thanks to incompetence on the part of his second-in-command, General Charles Lee, Clinton was able to make it to New York with little more than a bloody nose. In 1781, Woodhull resigned from his duties. These heroes get no mention whatsoever in our history books or lessons. After the war ended in December 1783, Woodhull stayed in Setauket. Woodhull served as a lieutenant in the Suffolk County militia for a short period of time in the fall of 1775 but resigned after a few months. In October of 1777, Woodhull announced to his father, Major Hewlett, his wife, Anna Strong, and other guests at a party commemorating Hewlett that he would be resuming his old studies at King's College to get a law degree, having regained an interest in law after the loss of his farm and his prosecution of the alleged patriots. In the spring of 1780 the strain of spying was wearing on both Woodhull and Townsend, and Tallmadge told Washington that Townsend had become less active, and even Culper Senior grows timid and thinks that intercourse had better be dropped for the present.[18] Washington agreed to shut the Culper Ring down, only to reactivate it in July to gain information that would support operations of another French fleet expected later that summer. Townsend then decided he was through with espionage. Historica Wiki is a FANDOM Games Community. Now there are redcoats everywhere, swathed in every nook of our hometown. Continental Army Major Benjamin Tallmadge began working with Abraham Woodhull in the summer of 1778 at the height of the Revolutionary War to provide Washington information on British Army operations in their headquarters in New York City. (Dont believe me? Poor quality print. the lines of a cruel and mistrustful enemy.[11] Tallmadge had Brewster sail him to Setauket an exceptionally dangerous move itself so he could meet with Woodhull and allay his spys concerns. Two of his children, Elizabeth and Jesse, married into the Brewster family. The ink was a solution developed by John Jays brother, Sir James Jay. Caleb Brewster joined what is today the Coast Guard in 1793, retired in 1816, and died in 1827. With the new spy permanently in place in New York City, Woodhull assumed the role of the leader of the operation, passing on instructions from Tallmadge and occasionally meeting Townsend in New York. ), Spy Chat in Fairfield: Revolutionary Spies in CT (Featuring Caleb Brewster and the WhaleboatWars), New Scholarly Roundtable on Historical Accuracy vs. Truth inTURN. Abe married Mary, and soon had a son named Thomas. I understand why they didnt opt for historical accuracy on this one, but boys wearing gowns as children is one of my favorite Colonial oddities and I wished they had included it. Abraham Woodhull, Esq. Washington and his rebel army are fighting back and Ben is a part of that resistance, battling the Royal Army alongside thousands of other brave men. Abraham Woodhull - the 'Culper' of the Culper Ring. I saw an old friend today. I find that magnifying the zoom to 200% makes the cursive far more intelligible. The loss of his cousin deeply affected Woodhull, who was a somewhat introspective, sensitive character, and he secretly hated the British for what he believed was his cousins unnecessarily brutal demise. While there, he had a conversation with two Hessians making sauerkraut at their campfire, and they let him try their food. Together, they had 11 children. Sensing the volatile mental state of both his top operatives, General Washington decided to halt the operations of the Culper Ring. For boys, this was often a celebrated childhood milestone. Woodhull was a descendant of Richard Lawrence Woodhull, a wealthy settler of Setauket, and was also related to New York militia Brigadier General Nathaniel Woodhull. Townsend may have dabbled in journalism himself, which gave him a perfect excuse to spend long hours picking up information. While Im working on a longer post concerning the convoluted chronology of TURNs pilot episode, I thought Id write a short post concerning a (literally) tiny realm of 18th century material culture seen in the show thus far: babies! Brewster told Woodhull that his encounter with him in Connecticut was the first part of the test to see if Woodhull was fit to join the patriots, and Tallmadge's interrogation was the second part of the test. Despite his success, the espionage business wore Woodhull out physically as well as mentally. Abraham Woodhull, spy for General George Washington, nearly got himself hanged on one of his first missions. [14] Like Woodhull, Townsend played the part of a devoted Loyalist but he was a secret Patriot who had served briefly as a commissary to General Nathaniel Woodhull, Abrahams cousin. ae 53 years and 1 day Abraham Thomas was the son of Nicholas Thomas (1753-1838) and his first wife, Lucy Somes (1759-1792). (Hes not even a year old and hes already turning Setauket into the Brooklyn of the 18th century!). Abraham had in fact joined the county militia in 1775 with no apparent objection from his father, but became disenchanted and quit after two months. Contents 1 Biography 1.1 Early life 1.2 Death 2 Characters met 2022-07-02. Im sure you know that the value of intelligence is often intangible, and therefore not always apparant until viewed with the benefit of hindsight. I am wondering, however, about the timing of Mr. Abraham mentions that his son is "almost a year old" as he eggs him on to start walking on his own. Washington sent another vial of ink.[12]. We live in daily fear of death and destruction, this added to my usual anxiety hath almost unmanned me, Woodhull wrote to Tallmadge in June. They were immigrants from the Ukraine. The war finally ended in 1783, with the Continental Army victorious thanks to assistance from the French. Gen. Charles Scott, October 31, 1778, George Washington Papers at the Library of Congress (hereafter, GW Papers), accessed January 26, 2014 via http://memory.loc.gov. Washington was impressed: His account has the appearance of a very distinct and good one and makes me desirous of a continuance of his correspondence, he wrote. [23] Culper to Tallmadge, February 21, 1783, GW Papers, accessed April 27 2014 via http://memory.loc.gov. The Culper spy ring proved to be a vital part of General Washingtons intelligence network, keeping him informed of the British Armys intentions and operations throughout the Colonies. Later in their encounter, Simcoe challenged him to a duel, and Woodhull decided to accept before Ensign Baker arrived and rescued him from Simcoe and his men. Husband of Anna Maria Brewster; Hannah Skidmore and Charity A. Smith. In 1781, Woodhull married Mary Smith. Was Abraham Woodhulls father a loyalist? He had recently married Mary Smith, and was afraid of putting his family at undue risk. Captain Simcoe, a gruff and raucous character, had taken over the same outfit of Rangers once commanded by legendary tracker Robert Rogers. Both of those can help give you the context to figure out words and phrases that seem unintelligable. Major Edmund Hewlett was in fact named Richard Hewlett, and he was actually married during the entirety of the war, and he and his wife had eleven children; there is no evidence of a relationship between him and Anna Strong either. Abraham Woodhull Courier route to and from General Washington's Headquarters Courier route across Long Island Sound Courier route from New York City to Setauket Route used by Culper Ring members to send intelligence from New York City to General Washington's headquarters in downstate New York and New Jersey. Journal of the American Revolution is the leading source of knowledge about the American Revolution and Founding Era. 2022-07-02. [6] Woodhull had been caught smuggling contraband across Long Island Sound, and Tallmadge spoke with Connecticut Governor Jonathan Trumbull and got him released. [4] In November he reported how Loyalist units were scouring local farms for wood and livestock. Yes, a gown, as in a dress. Sometimes boys even wore stays, too. Anna Strong (Heather Lind) We know she lived in Setauket until her death at age 72 on Aug. 12, 1812 (coincidentally exactly 205 years before the Turn series finale). He used the alias "Samuel Culper" (later "Samuel Culper Sr."), which was a play on Culpeper County, Virginia, and was suggested by George Washington . What General Washington, the ultimate consumer of Culper Ring intelligence, thought of the operation is unclear. Woodhull decided to do so, as his father was in the church as well. Father of Richard Lawrence Woodhull and Fred Woodhull. Still, the fact is that little hipster Sprouts outfit IS several years ahead of his time, according to the historical record. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Poster: Abraham Lincoln, With His Son Tad (Thomas) Leaning On A Table, 1865 at the best online prices at eBay! He recruited Woodhull, a native of Tallmadge's hometown of Setauket, Long Island, New York. Fueled by a strong desire to avenge his cousins allegedly brutal murder, Woodhull threw himself into his new job with a passion. [1] Samuel Culper to Brig. Among the attendees were the Woodhull, Tallmadge and Strong families, along with Caleb Brewster and Austin Roes family. Normally Woodhull was a farmer in the town of Setauket on Long Islands north shore where he cared for his elderly parents. Soon after Benedict Arnold defected to the British, he directed the arrest of people in New York and Long Island that he suspected as American spies, based on his knowledge of Continental Army intelligence. Townsend stole and cooked the two brown eggs, serving them to Woodhull when he returned to the inn after nearly leaving the city. Tallmadges recruitment of Woodhull enabled them to put their plans into action. This week I was reviewing Muster, Payrolls and List of Effectives for Capt Gross Scruggs company of the Fifth Virginia. He was the son of a prominent judge who supported colonial independence. S1 E6. [2] His parents were Judge Richard Woodhull and Mary Woodhull (ne Smith).[3]. [6] In March Woodhull sent intelligence on British plans to raid the port of New London, Connecticut. JMS you are correct as with any untranscribed 18th century documents, reading and understading the Culper letters is a tough task. Woodhull held several important local positions in his later years, including magistrate of Setauket, judge of the Court of Common Pleas and first judge of Suffolk County. I dont have any little ones of my own, but it seems to me that infant gowns would make life as a busy parent a whole lot easier. After her death in 1806, Woodhull remarried in 1824. Washington had enjoyed an effective spy network operating in Philadelphia, but with the British gone from there and New York crawling with redcoats, his focus now shifted towards starting an effective intelligence network around the British headquarters. Adorable outfit hes wearing, right? Does Baylor Scott and White random drug test? . Abraham had in fact joined the county militia in 1775 with no apparent objection from his father, but became disenchanted and quit after two months. . In fact, in 1790, Benjamin Tallmadges own son was wearing them at the tender age of three. Abraham Woodhull (1750 - 1826), a key figure of the Culper Ring, was born into a prosperous family in Setauket, a small agricultural community on the north shore of Long Island, New York. When you are that man, I want nothing more than a future for you where you are able to live, love and be free. But the event convinced the spy of his constant danger and he curtailed operations. [16] Washington to Tallmadge, October 6 1779, Writings of George Washington, Vol. Abraham Woodhull was born to Richard Woodhull and . How did the Culper Spy Ring work? A farmer and the son of a local Patriot judge, Abraham Woodhull joined the Culper ring in November of 1778. Abraham Woodhull (October 7, 1750 - January 23, 1826) was a leading member of the Culper Spy Ring in New York City and Setauket, New York, during the American Revolutionary War. Woodhull never spoke of his spying activities to anyone. So, perhaps there are some parts of the Culper Ring, we will never know, Your email address will not be published. Abraham Woodhull was a member of the Culper Spy Ring, which provided information to George Washington during the American Revolution. In 1778, he was . Basing his operation in his British-occupied hometown of Setauket, New York, Woodhull enlists the aid of local tavern keeper Anna Strong to ferry crucial intelligence to their friends in the Continental Army, Caleb Brewster and Benjamin Tallmadge, who in turn bring the intelligence to General George Washington himself. Their reports are believed to have uncovered Benedict Arnolds treason, and led to the capture of British Major John Andre, who was working with Arnold to undermine the Continental Army. Woodhull would copy what information he could gather onto paper, and on his way back home to Setauket, he would hide the information in a prearranged location, a hidden cove on Long Island Sound. Where you can stand on your own two feet. . Also, his cousin, Continental Brigadier-General Nathaniel Woodhull, died at the battle of Long Island in 1776. In return, Tallmadge proposed to Woodhull that he start spying for the Continental Army; Woodhull agreed, and Tallmadge received approval from Washington. Great article. Townsend told him never to show up at his inn again, warning him that he knew about his messages and told him that he could have given them to a British officer instead. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. With Jamie Bell, Seth Numrich, Daniel Henshall, Meegan Warner. Woodhull wrote, I received their threats for coming there that made me almost tremble knowing my situation and business.[1] His statement only hinted at what he inwardly knew; that if the soldiers discovered his espionage mission, they would have hanged him without compunction. When Abraham returned, it took the help of a friend of the Woodhulls, a generals adjutant, to assure Simcoe that Abraham was a proper Loyalist. [6] Culper to Tallmadge, February 26, 1779, GW Papers, accessed January 26, 2014, via http://memory.loc.gov. Woodhull was unable to talk him out of it, and it took a meeting with Benjamin Tallmadge to convince him to continue spying, with the provision that he would only deliver information to Woodhull verbally. Free shipping for many products! However, he was arrested by British troops and thrown in prison by Inspector-General Joseph Innes, who believed that he was spying for the rebels. Abraham decided to help Caleb in escaping New York after their meeting, and Caleb was able to escape on a rowboat as Abraham and Anna distracted British guards by offering them some beer from the Strong tavern. Woodhull told him to ask Major Hewlett, who would vouch for him, but he was unaware that Hewlett had been kidnapped by the patriots from his home after Simcoe framed him for the murder ot their captain.
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